不同施肥模式对恭城县生态产业园区柑橘生长的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Model on the Citrus Growth in the Ecological Industrial Garden of Gongcheng county

[目的]研究不同施肥模式与柑橘养分供给的关系,探索既能平衡供给柑橘养分,又可以减少化肥施用量、提高果实品质和改善土壤理化性状的施肥模式。[方法]以广西恭城县生态产业园区柑橘园内8年生柑为试材,设置施肥模式A(全年施肥5次,有机养分∶无机养分=1∶2)、施肥模式B(全年施肥3次,有机养分∶无机养分=4∶1)、施肥模式C(对照,全年施肥5次,有机养分∶无机养分=1∶4.7)。[结果]结果表明,在生理落果末期、幼果膨大期、上水期和收获期,柑橘叶片氮、磷、钾含量3个处理之间没有明显差异,但施肥模式B与对照相比,土壤有机质含量增加了45.65%,果实可溶性固形物含量增加了3.78个百分点。综合各项指标表明,施肥模式B与其他施肥模式相比,减少了施肥次数和化肥的施用量,并能够保证平衡供给柑橘各个时期的养分需求。[结论]全年施肥3次,有机养分∶无机养分=4∶1的模式不仅有利于园区土壤肥力和理化性状的改善,而且有利于促进果园生产的可持续发展。

[ Objective] The aim is to research the relationship between different applying fertilizer model and citrus nutrient elements and explore a new applying fertilizer model which not only supply balanced nutrient elements for citrus, but it also decline the used quantity of chemical fertilizer and improve the fruit quality. [ Method] Eight years Ponkan（ Citrus reticulate） of ecological industry garden was used as the experiment material in Gongeheng County, Guangxi Province and three different applying fertilizer models were set up, including applying fertilizer model A （five times of applying fertilizer a year, organic ： mineral = 1：2 ）, applying fertilizer model B （ three times of applying fertilizer a year, organic ： mineral = 4 ： 1 ）, applying fertilizer model C （control, five times of applying fertilizer a year, organic ： mineral = 1：4.7 ） respectively. [ Conclusion] Results showed that the content of N, P and K dement in leaves between three treatments has not difference in the nutrient growing time a year, but applying fertilizer model B comparison with control, the content of organic matter on soil enhanced 45.65%, the content of soluble solid in fruit enhanced 3.78 percent points. The synthetical indices showed that applying fertilizer model B can supply also balance to nutrient elements for meeting the need of all nutrient growing time in citrus at the status of de- creased the times and quantities of chemistry fertilizer. [Conclusion] Model B not only benefited to inrprove the soil fertility in fruit garden, but it also benefited to enhance the sustainable development on fruit production.