海南琼中3种森林枯落物的现存量及持水特性研究

Reserves and Water Capacity Characteristics of Three Forest Types of Floor Mass in Qiongzhong District of Hainan Island

[目的]进行琼中地区3种森林类型(桉树人工林、橡胶林、天然次生林)林下枯落物现存量及持水量特征研究。[方法]以研究区内3种主要森林类型林下枯落物作为调查研究对象,进行林下枯落物采集及现存量计算和枯落物持水量及吸水速率的测定。[结果]结果表明,林下枯落物现存量大小为天然次生林(7.70 t/hm2)>橡胶林(3.25 t/hm2)>桉树人工林(2.39 t/hm2)。未分解层最大持水率为桉树人工林(226.8%)>天然次生林(220.6%)>橡胶林(183.5%);半分解层最大持水率顺序为桉树人工林(221.4%),橡胶林(160.8%)和天然次生林(144.8%)。[结论]天然次生林枯落物层与人工林相比具有更为重要的水文生态意义。

[ Objective]The research aimed to carry out survey of litter reserves under forest and analysis of water holding eharaeteristics of three types of forests （eucalyptus plantations, rubber trees, natural secondary forest） in Qiongzhong district. [ Method]Different types of forest litter forest reserves, the largest water holding capacity, water rates, and other characteristics of the hydrological parameters were studied taking litters under forest of three types of forests for survey objects. [ Result ]The results showed that, natural secondary forest litter had the largest reserves （7.70 t/hm^2）, followed by rubber （3.25 t/hm^2）, eucalyptus plantation （2.39 t/hm^2）. Under the eucalyptus forest litter layer of tmdecomposed, the largest water retention rate was 226.8%, 183.5% for rubber, natural secondary forest to 220.6%. Under the eucalyptus forest litter decomposed and a half-largest water reteution rate of 221.4%, 160.8% for rubber, natural secondary forest to 144.8%. [ Conclusion]The litter layer of natural secondary forest had more important eco-hydrological significance compared with that of the eucalyptus forest.