清代改土归流后土家族地区的移民及其社会影响

The Immigrant and the Social Impact after the Management System Reform in Tujia Area in the Qing Dynasty

清代雍正年间土家族地区基本完成改土归流,移民通过招民垦荒、自发移民、官兵及家属的落业入籍等方式大量流入土家族地区。从土家族地区姓氏的增加、改流初期人口民族构成结构的变化、雍正和乾隆两个时期人口数量的变化、移民会馆的大量出现与增加等情况判断移民数量成倍增加,这给土家族地区带来巨大的社会影响。

The management system reform was completed in Tujia areas by the means of recruiting people to cultivate the soil, the spontaneous migration, the naturalization of the officers and men and their families in Yongzheng period of Qing Dynasty. from the increase of Tujia name in the region, the ethnic composition changing of population in the early immigrant resettlement of Yongzheng, Qianlong period, the number of population and a large number of immigration halls shows that the number of immigrants doubled, which brings a tremendous social impact to the Tujia areas.