363名铁路旅客艾滋病防治知识、态度及需求调查分析

Investigation On The Awareness Of Prevention And Treatment Knowledge,The Attitude,And The Demand Of AIDS For Railway Passengers

目的探索适合铁路旅客的艾滋病健康教育模式。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法抽取出某次旅客列车四节车厢的370名旅客,由经过统一培训的调查员对其进行无记名问卷调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、艾滋病知识知晓情况、对艾滋病感染者的态度和艾滋病相关知识的需求情况。结果铁路旅客艾滋病知识平均得分为78.47(标准差=15.02),三大传播途径回答正确率均在90%左右,但是对蚊子叮咬等非传播途径回答正确率较低(34.4%),对预防知识的理解存在模糊认识。对艾滋病感染者的态度不够宽容。预防知识是旅客最想了解的艾滋病知识,电视/广播是获取艾滋病相关知识的主要方式。结论应充分利用多种方式对铁路旅客开展艾滋病宣传教育,非传播途径和预防知识是宣传教育的重点内容。

Objective The awareness, the attitude, and the demand of AIDS for railway passengers were investigated in order to provide a basis for exploring the model of health education of AIDS which suited for railway passengers. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to extract 363 railway passengers from four cars of a passenger train, and then the united training investigators conducted anonymity questioning investigations on the passengers. The investigation content consisted of society demography characters, the situation of awareness of AIDS-related knowledge, the attitude to the people who have been infected with AIDS, and the demand for AIDS-related knowledge. Results For 363 railway passengers, the average score was 78.47 （S=15.02） ,the correct answer rate of the three major transmission routes was about 90%, while that of the three non-transmission routes, like mosquito bites, was lower（34.4%）. The railway passengers did not accurately understand the concept of prevention knowledge of AIDS, they understood fuzzily, and they could not tolerance enough of the people who have been infected with AIDS .The knowledge of AIDS that the railway passengers mostly wanted to know was prevention knowledge. Radio and television were the main method for the railway passengers to acquire AIDS knowledge. Conclusion The propaganda and education of AIDS to the railway passengers should be made full use of variety of ways. Transmission routs and prevention knowledge were the focus of the content of propaganda and education for AIDS.