硒蛋白的分子生物学及与疾病的关系

The Molecular Biology of Selenoproteins and Their Effects on Diseases

硒蛋白是微量元素硒在体内存在和发挥生物功能的主要形式。因硒蛋白的活性中心硒代半胱氨酸由传统终止码TGA编码,故从基因组中预测硒蛋白以及用基因工程技术表达硒蛋白均很困难。有关硒抗氧化,对癌症、神经退行性疾病和病毒作用的报道较多,但结论并不一致。本文综述了硒蛋白基因预测、蛋白质表达调控以及硒和硒蛋白对癌症、神经退行性疾病和病毒的作用及机制等方面的近期进展,研究提高硒蛋白生物信息学预测准确率和基因工程表达量的方法,分析了解硒蛋白与疾病发生发展的关系和机制,探索不同硒蛋白作为预防药物开发、作为癌症治疗和药物筛选靶标的可能性。

selenocysteine selenoproteins Selenoproteins , the active center from the genomes are the major forms of selenium in vivo of selenoproteins, is encoded by a traditional or to express them via genetic engineering. to exert the biological function. Since stop codon TGA, it is difficult to predict Although there are many reports on the antioxidative property of selenium and its effects on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and virus, the results are inconsistent. This review summarizes recent progresses in selenoprotein prediction and expression, and in the pertinence and mechanism of selenium and selenoproteins on those diseases. It aims at increasing the accuracy of selenoproteinprediction through bioinformatics and overexpression of selenoproteins via selenoproteins with diseases development, and exploring the potentiality genetic engineering, of selenoproteins as analyzing the relation of preventive agents or the target for cancer treatment and drug-screening.