半胱胺对鸡免疫器官组织结构及发育的影响

Effects of Cysteamine on Tissue Structure and Development of Immune Organs in Chickens

为研究半胱胺对鸡免疫器官发育的影响,试验应用100羽1日龄草杂鸡,随机分成2组,每组50羽,即:对照组和试验组;分别饲喂添加0和1.0g/kg半胱胺的基础日粮。试验期30d。试验结束时每组随机抽取20只鸡,颈静脉放血致死,取胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏,应用Bouin液固定,制作石蜡切片,H.E染色,Olympus显微镜观察、拍照。结果表明,试验组鸡较对照组鸡胸腺小叶皮质增厚,皮质内淋巴细胞密集,胸腺小体减少;试验组较对照组鸡法氏囊淋巴小结增多,淋巴细胞处于发育状态,皮质较厚,皮质、髓质内淋巴细胞增多,皮质、髓质分界明显。对照组法氏囊出现萎缩退化现象;试验组鸡较对照组鸡脾脏的结构清晰,白髓内的脾小结数量增多,研究结果显示,日粮中添加半胱胺能够促进鸡的淋巴器官的发育,从而提高机体的免疫功能。

In order to study the effects of cysteamine （CS） on the development of immune organs, 100 1-day-old local chickens were randomly divided into two groups, 50 chickens in each group. The chickens of control group were fed with basal diet, while that of experiment group with basal diet supplemented 0.1% CS. The test period was 30 d. At the end of the experiment, 20 chickens were randomly selected from each group and slaughtered by bloodletting in jugular vein. Then thymuses, bursae of Fabricius and spleens were collected and then fixed by Bouin liquid. Paraffin sections were prepared, stained with HE, observed under microscope （Olympus） and taken photographs. As shown by the results, the chickens in experiment group had following changes compared with the control group： the cortex of thymic lobule was thicker and lymphocytes gathered in cortex; the amount of thymic corpuscle decreased; the amount of lymphoid nodule in bursa of Fabricius increased, and lymphoid nodules were developing; the cortex of bursa of Fabricius incrassated and more lymphocytes appeared in clearly separated cortex and medulla, while the bursae of Fabricius atrophied and deteriorated in the control group; the structure of spleen was clear and amount of splenic nodule increased in white pulp. The results showed that CS supplemented to diet should promote the development of lymphic organ, and thus enhance immune functions of chickens.