汶川地震灾难救援与信息控制

Disaster relief and information management in Wenchuan earthquake

目的探讨早期信息控制对灾难救援的作用及对救治秩序的影响。方法通过登记本、伤员信息卡、麻醉记录单及病历资料,收集德阳市某医院在"5.12"汶川地震1 420例伤员基本信息,分析伤情、伤员流、信息流特点。结果1 420例伤员中,受伤机制以房屋垮塌后砸伤为主,共有1 821个损伤部位,四肢损伤多于其它部位伤(P<0.01);轻伤多于中、重度伤(P<0.01);震后前2天收治伤员占收治总人数的68.80%,明显多于其它时间段伤员收治数(P<0.01);随救治时间延长,伤员信息趋于完整。结论汶川地震后早期信息控制与救援不相适应,值得重视。国家要重视灾难医学救援信息体系建立和完善,以最快速度在震后形成陆海空救治一体的救治和信息控制网络。稳定伤员流的流序和流态,保证信息流的畅通和准确,才能科学、有序救援。

Objective To study the effect of early information management on disaster relief. Methods Register, information card, anaesthetic and medical record of 1420 patients collected from a hospital in Deyang were used to describe the basic injury information,analyze the patients＇ inflow,information inflow. Results A majority of injury mechanisms were blast injury resulting from building collape including 1821 injury sites. Among them,extremity injury was more than other injuries（ P 〈 0.01 ） , and mild injury was more than moderate and heavy injury（ P 〈 0.01 ）. About 68.80% of patients were admitted to hosipital during the first and second day after the earthquake ,which was obvious more than that in other days. The information was more and more complete along with the time. Conclusion The information management isnt consistent with early disaster relief. An information management system of disaster relief should be established and consummated, aeroamphibious web be built for a care and information management as fast as we can. The patients＇ flow should be stablized to ensure information fully available so as to rescue scientificly and orderly.