地震物理模型材料研制与应用研究

Study and materialization of new seismic physical model building materials

地震物理模型试验的基础是地震物理模型的建造,其中设计适当的配方,调配出所需要的模型速度是模型建造的关键.本文根据互穿网络和共聚网络聚合物改性方法的原理,研究了环氧树脂、橡胶类等高分子材料的互穿网络和共聚网络过程,并按照地震物理模拟对模型材料的要求,实现了不同材料的共混,改善了固化后共聚物的交联度.讨论和分析了影响地震物理模型建造的各种因素,并从模型材料选择、配方调整等方面提出了相应的解决办法,降低了固化反应放热峰的温度、调整了固化放热的速度、降低了固化时的收缩率和线膨胀系数,使固化物具有较高的热稳定性和较好的力学性能.建立了比较完备的、从低到高的材料速度系列.通过实例验证了本文方法的有效性,模型材料的适用性.

Building of physical model is the foundation of seismic physical modeling. The key to physical model building is to determine the compound formulation that can produce materials of desired velocity. Based on the principles of interpenetrating polymer network and copolymerization, we studied the course of network interpenetrating and copolymerization of araldite with rubber and other polymers, and achieved blending of different polymers in line with the requirements of physical modeling materials. The resulted polymers are of good cross-linking level. Factors that affect the physical model building are discussed. Measures to diminishing these factors are proposed in terms of model material selection, compound formulation adjustment, as well as workflow of model building. These measures ensure the cured composition with superior thermal stability and mechanical properties by controlling the heat release of curing reaction, as well as the shrinkage and linear expansion coefficient of curing. A relatively complete material series has been developed, which includes materials with low velocity to high velocity. The proposed measures and synthesized materials were verified in real seismic physical modeling.