陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中自杀现象的美学阐释

Esthetic Interpretation on Phenomenon of Suicide in Dostoyevsky’s Novels

陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中自杀现象与陀氏小说的美学性质——幻想中的生存美学密切相关。通过对自杀现象的描述,陀思妥耶夫斯基小说形成其美学特质:美因死而生。这种美的特质是超越生命本体的精神信仰的。陀思妥耶夫斯基小说中的美的意象及美的思想在自杀者自杀过程中所产生的幻想里诞生。其中主要的自杀人物在自杀过程中都围绕着爱与美的话题跟自己对话,并上升到对人类所处的美、爱等状态进行思辨。

Dostoevsky＇s novels＇ esthetic nature （esthetic of Survival in fantasy） is closely related to the phenomena of suicides in his novels. So Dostoevsky＇s novels formed its esthetic characteristics： beauty is a result of the death. And the nature of the beauty is beyond the spiritual dimension, beyond the beliefs of the life ontology. The imagery and mentality of beauty in Dostoevsky＇s novels were born in the fantasy course of suicides. In the process of their suicides, the major figures in Dostoevsky＇s novels were all making dialogues with themselves around the topic of love and beauty, which could be further elevated into the reflection on the human being＇s real state of beauty and love.