留学生习得“被”字句固定格式的偏误分析

Error Analysis of Fixed Structures of the Chinese bei-Sentences In International Students' Acquisition

文章对留学生输出的"被"字句固定格式是指"被…给…;被…所…;被…把…"三种,并对这三种格式进行了偏误分析,发现:"被…给…"的主要偏误是在较书面化的句子和"被"中误加"给";"被……所……"的主要有两类偏误,其一是误加动词补足成分或宾语,其二是在不能使用的情况下用该格式;"被……把……"的主要偏误有四类,其一是用"把"引进工具,其二是"把"、"被"错序,其三是主语与"把"字宾语不具复指或领属关系,其四是动词及动词性短语仅在"把"字构件中成立。该考察有助于对外汉语教学。

This paper analyses foreign learners＇ errors of fixed structures of Chinese bei-sentences. We found ： （ 1 ） The main error of BEI…GEI… is using GEI in written Chinese and NP1 ＋ BEI （NP2）VPNP3. （2）The main errors of BEI…SUO… include adding the complement or object of VP and using this structure when unnecessary. （3）The main errors of BEI…BA… include using BA before the words indicating tools, misorder of BA and BEI, misusing NP1 which has no relation to the object of BA and misusing VP which is only suitable in BA structure.