从句法—语篇界面看语言学的整合研究

The lntegrational Approach in Linguistic Research from the Perspective of Syntax-discourse Interface

现代语言学把语言分解为相对独立的模块,从而使语言学成为由一个个理论单元构成的自主系统。语言学的这种分工是语言学研究不断深化的需要。但语言系统本身是复杂的,语言内部各单元之间既相互联系又相互作用;而且语言并非存在于真空,语言研究不可能脱离语言的社会文化语境以及语言使用的认知和心理因素。因此,要回答"语言是什么"的问题,语言学研究应该走整合的道路。语言学的整合研究包括三个方面:界面研究、互补研究和跨学科研究。界面研究涉及语言内部各层面之间的互动关系,互补研究涉及不同语言学理论和流派对相同或相似语言现象的多元互补解释,跨学科研究涉及语言系统与非语言系统之间的互动关系。从语言的句法—语篇界面看,语言学的整合研究具有十分重要的理论意义和方法论意义。

In modern linguistics, language is divided into relatively independent modules, and linguistics thus becomes an autonomous system consisting of various theoretical units. Such a division of labor is required by the deepening of linguistic research, but the linguistic system itself is complex because the various units of language are interrelated and interact with one another. Besides, language does not exist in a vacuum, and therefore language research cannot be divorced from the social-cultural context and cognitivepsychological factors of language use. Thus, the answer to the question ＂what is language？＂ lies in the integrational approach to language, which is made up of three dimensions： interface studies, complementary studies and interdisciplinary studies. Interface studies are concerned with the interaction between different levels of the linguistic system, complementary studies with complementary explanations of the same linguistic phenomenon from different theoretical viewpoints, and interdisciplinary studies with the interaction between the linguistic system and non- linguistic systems. From the perspective of syntaxdiscourse interface, the integrational approach has significant theoretical and methodological implications for linguistic research.