采用干扰素释放反应试验和PPD皮试对深圳市高校学生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染筛查的研究

Diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in undergraduate students of Shenzhen using ELISPOT and PPD skin test

目的采用结核分枝杆菌特异性IFN-γ免疫酶联斑点法(ELISPOT)和传统的结核菌素皮试(PPD皮试)对深圳市高校学生结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染现状进行筛查,并比较两种方法的差异。方法采用自主研制的Elispot试剂盒(简称Elispot)和PPD皮试,对133例健康志愿者进行平行检测。结果A高校99例志愿者中PPD皮试有49例阳性(49.5%),Elispot检测有20例阳性(20.2%);B高校34例志愿者中PPD皮试有27例阳性(79.4%),Elispot检测有2例阳性(5.9%)。对两种方法进行平行比较分析,结果有统计学差异(χ2=41.31,P<0.005);在PPD()组中Elispot阳性率最高为28.57%;在()-(-)组中分别为22.2%、12.5%及12.28%。结论结核菌特异性IFN-γElispot试剂盒在健康人群中检测阳性率比传统的PPD皮试要低,在诊断结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染的价值优于PPD皮试,在结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染早期诊断有较好的发展前景。

Objective To compare Myeobaeterium Tuberculosis specific IFN-γ, Elispot assays and PPD skin test in diagnosis of latent M. tb infection. Methods 133 healthy volunteers of two colleges in Shenzhen were accepted the in-house Elispot test and PPD skin test. Results 99 healthy volunteers in college A, 49 of them were positive in response to PPD skin test （49.5%）, and 20 （20.2%） were positive in response to in-house Elispot test. 34 healthy volunteers in college B ,27 of them were positive in response to PPD skin test （79.4%）, and 2 （5.9%）were positive in response to in-house Elispot test. The comparative study indicated that there was a statistical difference between the result of in-house Elispot assay and PPD skin test（X^2= 41.31, P 〈0.005）. The highest positive rate of Elispot is 28. 57% in the group of PPD（卅） ,and the positive rate of group （廾） to （-） were 22.2% ,12.5% and 12.28%. Conclusion The proportion of in - house Elispot was lower than the PPD skin test, which was better than the PPD skin test for screening of latent M. th infection and it would have a good prospects in early diagnosis of latent Mt. b infection.