东北亚四国(地区)SMV株系毒力比较

COMPARISON OF VIRULENCE OF SMV STRAINS FROM DISTRICTS OF NORTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES

将我国、韩国、日本及俄罗斯远东地区的ＳＭＶ株系与鉴别寄主交互接种测定其毒力。结果指出采用外国的株系鉴别寄主难以区分我国株系毒力。同样，用我国鉴别寄主也难以区分外国毒株的毒力，所测定的我国９个株系的１３个代表毒株全部能侵染最抗病的鉴别寄主韩国的Ｂｕｆａｌｏ和日本的Ｈａｒｏｊｏｙ。外国鉴别寄主中只有少数对中国株系有鉴别作用，如韩国的Ｋｕａｎｇｇｙｏ能将Ｓ３与Ｓ１和Ｓ２区分，Ｄａｖｉｓ可将Ｓ１与其它株系区分。日本的タチユタカ等可将Ｓ３的多数株系与Ｓ１和Ｓ２区分，トモユタカ可区分Ｓ１与其它株系。韩国的强株系Ｇ７、及Ｋ１、Ｋ２和日本的中强株系ＳＭＶ－Ｂ的毒力，只相当于我国最弱的株系Ｓ１。因此很难找出各国株系之间的对应关系。我们认为用亲缘关系较远的外国鉴别寄主鉴定我国的株系是不适合和不必要的，而采用本国当前的主栽品种作株系鉴别寄主更有应用价值。

Virulence of SMV isolates was tested by cross-inoculation of representative strains on differentials from northeast part of China, South Korea, Japan and Far East Russia. Chinese strains could not be classified by foreign differentials. All 9 strains including 13 isolates tested severely in fected Buffalo from South Korea and Harosoy from Japan which were the most resistant differential cultivars respectively. Only part of foreign differentials could separate virulence of Chinese strains, such as Kwanggyo from South Korea and Tachiyutaka from Japan could separate S1 and S2 from S3, Davis from South Korea and Tomoyutake from Japan could separate S1 from other strains. G7, the highest virulent strain of South Korea, and SMV-B, intermediate virulent strain of Japan, were classified only as S1, the lowest virulent strain of China. Strain could not and need not be classified by foreign differentials without any relationship to domestic cultivars. Using current domestic cultivars as differentials is more reasonable and valuable for soybean breeding.