云南西双版纳不同林型的鸟类变化分析

Bird Compositions and Their Vicissitudes in Different Forest Habitats of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan

云南西双版纳地区原始森林面积逐渐减小，人口及人为活动不断增加，鸟种趋于减少，但各林型鸟种变化有异同。热带雨林和常绿阔叶林维持着多样的鸟种；次生灌木林鸟类群落呈现动态发展的趋势；原始热带森林被毁坏后，经重建而成的人工林，特别是橡胶纯林中维持的鸟种类少，鸟类群落组合也简单。人工林中鸟类群落抗干扰能力很弱，在不利条件作用下，鸟种类和数量减少更突出，而且人工林中的鸟类还与大环境有关。人工林的多层次有利于维持较多的鸟种。

Bird reduction with the increasing of people activities, deforestation and hunting, however, the vicissitudes are difference in different types of forests. Primary rainforest and evergreen forest still preserve more diverse species of birds, a clear dynamic of bird composition appears in the secondary bushy habitat. Bird reduce dramatically in rubber forest. The study shows that it is very important to maintain the primary forest cover in Xishuangbanna, multi-layer economy forest can supply more products, as well as benefit to protect bird diversity.