英汉动词名化表达式的名化度对比分析

A Contrastive Study of Degrees of Nominalization in English and Chinese Deverbal Nominals

动词名化本质上是一种跨范畴现象,即过程被重新识解为事物。不同的动词名化表达式因其所表达事物的典型程度不同而具有不同的动词名化度,名化结构的语法特征可以作为衡量动词名化度的参数。英汉动词名化度的对比分析表明:英汉转指型动词名化的名化度普遍高于自指型动词名化,但是汉语中转类型和转级型动词名化的名化度呈现出不同于英语的复杂排列趋势。这既反映了英汉语言基于认知的共性,也表现出两种语言系统之间的差异,为翻译和英语教学提供了有益的启示。

Deverbal nominalization involves transeategorization in which a process is reconstrued as a thing. Different deverbal nominals have different degrees of nominalization because of the degree of typicality of thing designated by the expression. The contrastive analysis of deverbal nominals in Chinese and English shows that the degree of nominalization is higher in the other-reference type than in the self-reference type in the two languages, but differences are found between English and Chinese class-shift type and rank-shift type. The analysis shows that in deverbal nominalizations, there are not only universal aspects based on cognition but also differences in two language systems and these findings may be applied into translation and English teaching.