反应精馏法合成乙酸乙酯工艺条件的选择

Technological Conditions Selection of Synthesizing Ethyl Acetate by Reactive Distillation Method

乙酸乙酯是一种重要的有机化工产品,有着非常广泛的用途,生产方法多种多样。采用反应精馏技术,以乙酸和乙醇为原料,浓硫酸为催化剂,采用间歇式进料,对酯化反应生成乙酸乙酯的工艺条件进行了研究。应用气相色谱对产物组成进行了分析。通过实验,确定了该反应的最佳反应条件:醇酸体积比为1.2:1,回流比为4:1,反应时间为2.5h,催化剂用量0.8g。在此条件下,乙酸的转化率达到了93.25%,乙酸乙酯的选择性为79.09%,乙酸乙酯的收率达到了73.76%,均高于传统方法。

The ethyl acetate is one kind of important organic chemical products, its application is extremely widespread, and the methods of productions are also varied. Ethyl acetate was synthesized by reactive distillation method from acetic acid and ethyl alcohol over the catalyst of strong sulfuric acid with the intermittent type feeding. The technological conditions for this esterification reaction were studied. The products are analyzed by gas chromatography. The optimal conditions are as follows： the volume ratio of acetic acid to ethyl alcohol is 1.2：1, the reflux ratio is 4：1, the reaction time is 2.5h, and the catalyst amount is 0.8g. Under these conditions mentioned above, the conversion of ethnic acid reaches 93.25%, the selectivity of ethyl acetate is 79.09%, and the yield of ethyl acetate has achieved 73.76%.