非晶态合金催化剂的制备与改性技术进展

Progress in Preparation and Modification Technologies of Amorphous Alloy Catalysts

非晶态合金催化剂是一种具有高催化活性和良好产品选择性的新型催化材料。介绍了金属-类金属非晶态合金催化剂的制备和负载与金属离子掺杂改性方法,阐述了改性前后非晶态合金催化剂的结构特征及催化性能。负载改性可防止非晶态合金团聚,提高其分散度;金属离子掺杂可增加不饱和Ni活性中心数,提高Ni活性中心分散度,稳定催化剂的非晶态结构,可以有效地提高非晶态合金催化剂催化活性和产品选择性,为新型非晶态合金催化剂的研制提供依据。贵金属类非晶态催化剂具有高的吸氢能力和高催化活性与稳定性。

Amorphous alloy catalysts are a new kind of catalysts with high catalytic activity and selectivity. Preparation technologies of metalmetalloid amorphous alloy catalysts and their modification methods for loading on carriers and metal ion doping had been introduced. The changes of structural characteristics and catalytic performance after the modification of amorphous alloy catalysts were analyzed. Amorphous alloy catalyst loading on carrier prevents its particles from conglomeration and improves their dispersion degree. Amorphous alloy catalyst doping with other metal ions increases unsaturated Ni active sites, improves dispersion degree of Ni active sites and stabilize amorphous structure of catalyst. The above stated modification technologies effectively increase the catalytic activity and selectivity of amorphous alloy catalysts and provide evidence for preparation of new amorphous alloy catalysts. Noble metal amorphous alloy catalysts have high H2-adsorption capability, catalytic activity and stability.