摘要
跨入21世纪我国农业迎来人口高峰,工业化进入中后期,基础设施扩展,市场经济发育,社会生活、人民消费方式的改变等对粮食农产品的需求,水土资源的大量消耗、排放急剧增大,劳力、物资、技术、资金组合格局变化等所带来的严峻的挑战与机遇。从当前农业基本形势出发,在对基本性制约因素源泉与特性分析的基础上,提出我国所迫切需要发展的是一种抗缓逆境、高产高效的可持续农业。由于农场是农业的基本单位,作为对策,提出通过研究开发试验示范推广建立一种新型的,以雨水就地控制转换集贮补灌、结合整治的适度规模经营、信息化测土按点配方精耕、以及专业经营物资信息供销服务统筹的新型技术推广体制为特征环节的生态农业精密农耕体制。对这些环节的技术关键加予阐明并论证。
Meeting the most historically critical challenges in China's agriculture, in the incoming first period of the new century, induced by the population growth up to the climax, the industrialization into the advanced stage and the reconstruction of a socialistic market economy with all the accompanied infrastructure and living consumption style etc, a countermeasure strategy taking a radical reform in the existing farming system as the core, is put forth in this paper with the following key components, namely:1. Establishment of an efficient rain water harvest and storage system on the farm with control against seepage and evaporation losses for supplement irrigation as a countermeasure to the irrigation water shortage constraints.2. Enlargement of the standard farm size (and field size) by taking small to medium sized watershed as farm management unit, and forming a co-op plus type commercial form, so as to incorporate erosion control, agroforestation etc with cropping in one farm , thus providing more leeway in planning for water, land resources uses etc .3. Development and popularization of the locally appropriate technology for site-specific precision farming.4. Reformation of the existing extension system by forming commercial technical service type company as an subunit to the farm, and closely collaborate with the district I provincial agricultural colleges and local research institutes, while rendering farm supplies, informations and technical services etc at the same time.The contents and criteria of these key components of the technology and justifications for same are elaborated in the paper .
出处
《世界科技研究与发展》
CSCD
1998年第2期32-37,共6页
World Sci-Tech R&D
