职权为什么必须被行使?——为“职权”的法律意义而辩

Why Authority Must Be Performed?——Defense for the Legal Significance of "Authority"

在我国的法理学中,法院等国家机关的职权被认为具有"必须被行使"这个含义,理由就是"不行使就是违反法定义务、要受到制裁"。这种解释的背后隐藏了一种独立于法律的事实意义上的国家(机关)观念,一方面只是一种职权的政治学、社会学概念,另一方面又与现今普遍被接受的法治理念相悖。因此,需要一种符合法治理念的国家观,并以此为基础重新解释职权的法律性质,确定一种职权的法律概念。

In our jurisprudence, there is a connotation concerning courts and such offices whose authority ＂must be performed”, due to the reason that＂if not performing it, it is against its legal duty and will be punished.＂ There is a state （office） concept behind this explanation which is independence of law＂. On the one hand, this is a kind of political and social concept; on the other, it is against the generally accepted idea of rule-by-law. Therefore it calls for a national concept in accordance with idea of rule-by-law, and a re-explanation of the legal nature of authority should be based on it, which leads to the establishment of the legal conception of authority.