江苏沿江砂壤土耕作配套模式的研究

STUDY ON COMPLETE SET PATTERN AND TRANSFER-CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OF TILLAGE METHODS ON SANDY LOAM SOILS ALONG LOWER REACHES OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER

本文剖析了沿江砂壤土的成土特点、土壤耕作方面存在的主要问题.以7年不同耕法的定位试验和大面积生产实践为依据,提出了以少耕为主体,少、免交替,2-3年一耕的深、浅、免结合的轮耕配套模式.实践证明,这种耕法具有保护土壤、争取农时、省工降本、持续高效等经济效益和生态、社会效益.近3年推广面积达221.7万亩,平均比常规耕法增产5.2％-14.9％,节约农本5％-8.9％,增加纯收入20％-30％。

The soil forming characteristics of sandy Loam soils along the Changjiang River and some problems relating to tillage were analysed in this paper. Based on the field experiments for 7 years and the production practices on Large area, a complets set pattern of tillage methods was proposed in which significant economic and ecologic benefits could be obtained through taking minimum tillage as main tillage method, conducting no and minimum tillage alternatively and ploughing combined with no and minimum tillage once every two-or three-years. Through practice, satisfying results has been achieved. In recent 3 years, the pattern has been extended 148000 ha, with the comparison of conventional tillage, yield increased 5.2-14.9%. Production cost cut down 5-8.9%, net income raised 20-34%.