暴雨诱发滑坡致灾机理与减灾方法研究进展

Advances in Rainfall-Induced Landslides Mechanism and Risk Mitigation

暴雨滑坡是多发性的地质灾害。阐述了暴雨诱发滑坡致灾机理、风险评估与减灾方法研究的重要意义。分别从暴雨诱发滑坡的地质力学机制、暴雨诱发滑坡的机理、暴雨诱发滑坡演化过程的数值模拟方法、暴雨滑坡动态风险评估方法以及暴雨诱发滑坡灾害的减灾方法5个方面,详细综述了国内外研究的主要成果和进展。在此基础上,指出了目前暴雨诱发滑坡灾害研究中存在的主要问题。最后,提出了在暴雨诱发滑坡灾害的研究中应以暴雨作用下的斜坡演化动力学过程为主线,以暴雨诱发滑坡的地质力学机制研究为基础,以暴雨诱发滑坡机理研究为核心,以暴雨诱发滑坡灾害的风险评估为手段,以最大可能地防灾减灾为目标。

Landslides, as a common geo-hazard, can result in huge economic losses and enormous casualties in mountainous regions of the world. Therefore, the assessment of landslide hazard and risk has become a topic of major interest for both geoscientists and engineering professionals. Firstly, the significance of rainfall-induced land- slides mechanism, landslides risk assessment and risk mitigation is addressed. Secondly, this paper reviews the re- cent advances in geo-hazards associated with landslides from the aspects of geomechanics mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides, landslides mechanism, numerical simulation of evolution process of landslides, dynamic risk assessment and risk mitigation associated with landslides. Based on the critical review, problems in the past study of the rainfall-induced landslides are examined, and some challenge issues in rainfall-induced landslides are discussed. Finally, further research directions are suggested. It is recommended that the research on geo-hazards associated with landslides should take the dynamic process of landslides as the main line, take the geomechanics mechanism as the basis, take the landslides mechanism as the key problem, and take the landslides risk assessment as the tool. The final goal is to reduce the landslides risk as low as possible.