《聊斋志异》“乱离之后巧相认”故事及其渊源

The Story of "Separation in Turbulence and Reunion by Chance" in Liaozhaizhiyi and its Origin

《聊斋志异》"乱离巧相认"故事类型,触及父子、夫妻、情侣、兄弟等多数人伦关系,带有明清易代的时代特征和作者偏好,社会原因是造成多数离别的根本原因,带有控诉现实不平的思想意义。重逢之"巧"构成动因,多得于当事人善良品格,"巧"是个体伦理行为派生的一个直接结果,而这又成为一种对于行善者进行"社会酬赏"必不可少的手段。《聊斋》母题与文人抒情文学离别模式不同:偏重在因社会变故,带来的普通人的人生苦难,人伦情感;不是一味地诉说苦难带来的个体身心创伤,而是展示人生苦难终归过去,善良无辜终获幸福欢乐的过程和结局。

The story type of Liaozhaizhiyi has the traits of the times when the Qing dynasty was replacing the Ming dynasty and the author＇s favorites. The narrative style of ＂separation in turbulence and reunion by chance＂ involving father and son, husband and wife, lovers and brothers is closely related to the social problems and the author＇s criticism. ＂Reunion by chance＂ in Liaozhaizhiyi usually resuits from the kindness of the character and is regarded as a ＂social reward＂ for the kind - hearted. The theme of Liaozhaizhiyi is different from that of the lyrical literature because this book emphasizes the people ＇s sufferings due to social changes and their emotions rather than a retelling of personal misery and encourages the people to bear the suffering for a happy future.