基于DEM栅格的分布式BTOPMC模型在水文模拟中的应用

Hydrologic Simulation with Grid-based BTOPMC Distributed Hydrological Model

应用一个基于DEM栅格的分布式水文模型BTOPMC(Block-wise use of TOPMODEL)模型进行水文模拟研究。该模型结合IGBP全球陆面土壤覆盖与FAO全球数字土壤组成信息,以栅格为计算单元,进行产流计算;汇流采用Muskingum-Cunge法。为了探讨模型的应用范围,将BTOPMC模型与新安江模型应用于湿润流域与半干旱半湿润流域的水文日径流过程模拟,并采用SCE-UA算法进行模型参数优化。结果表明2个模型均能很好地模拟湿润流域日径流过程,在半干旱半湿润流域BTOPMC模型的模拟效果较差,模型的产流机制需要进一步的完善,以扩大模型的应用范围。

A grid-based distributed hydrological model BTOPMC （Block--wise use of TOPMODEL） is applied, which was developed from the original TOPMODEL. based on the land cover data of IGBP and the soil type data of FAO, the runoff is explicitly calculated on a grid by grid basis and flow concentration method is Muskingum-Cunge in the model. In order to broaden the model＇s application, BTOPMC model and Xin＇anjiang model were applied in humid catchment and semi-humid and semi-arid catchment, the model parameters were optimized by SCE-UA method. Results show that both models are good at simulating the daily hydrograph in humid catchment and BTOPMC model perform poor in semi--humid and semi-arid catchment. The excess infiltration mechanism should be incorporated into BTOPMC model for broadening the model＇s application region.