桥小脑角段三叉神经、面神经、位听神经、舌咽神经及迷走神经的测量观察

Observation of cranial nerves in the cerebellopntine angle region by retrosigmoid approach

目的:通过对桥小脑角段Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ和Ⅺ脑神经进行测量,为乙状窦后进路手术提供脑神经解剖学数据。方法:52具(104侧)10%福尔马林固定的成年人头标本作为研究材料,模拟乙状窦后手术路径,于横窦下、乙状窦后切除枕部脑膜、小脑,充分暴露桥小脑角区。结果:Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ脑神经的左侧外径和长度分别为(2.54±0.84)mm和(6.79±2.51)mm、(1.18±0.31)mm和(9.89±2.66)mm、(2.17±0.52)mm和(9.92±2.61)mm、(0.77±0.24)mm和(10.34±3.12)mm,右侧外径和长度分别为(2.52±0.86)mm和(6.91±2.66)mm、(1.14±0.31)mm和(10.00±2.96)mm、(2.13±0.63)mm和(10.09±2.93)mm、(0.79±0.29)mm和(10.17±3.06)mm;中间神经位于面神经与位听神经之间,左侧外径(0.47±0.91)mm,右侧为(0.37±0.07)mm;第Ⅹ脑神经长度左侧为(10.44±2.57)mm,右侧为(9.91±2.91)mm;左侧神经根支数为(6.37±2.26)支,右侧为(6.33±2.38)支。第Ⅺ脑神经左侧神经外径为(0.76±0.16)mm,右侧为(0.81±0.19)mm。结论:本研究结果为乙状窦后入路手术具有一定的解剖学参考价值。

Objective：To investigate the anatomical structures of cranial nerves in the cerebellopontine angle region to offer anatomical data for clinical operation. Method： A total of 52 adult cadaveric heads fixed in 10% formalin were used for this study. After cutting cerebellum and meningeal between transverse and sigmoid sinus,simulate operating method of retrosigmoid approach to observe the cranial nerves. Result：External diameter and length of leftV Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸcranial nerves are（2.54±0.84）mm and（6. 79±2.51）mm,（1. 18±0.31）mm and（9.89±2.66） mm,（2.17±0.52）mm and（9.92±2.61）mm,（0.77±0.24）mm and（10.34±3.12）mm respectively. External diameter and length of right Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸcranial nerves are（2.52±0.86）ram and（6.91 ±2.66）ram, （1.14±0.31） mm and（10±2.96）mm,（2.13±0.63）ram and（10.09±2.93）ram, （0.79±0.29）mm and（10.17±3.06）mm, intermedius nerve locate between facial nerve and acoustic nerve, external diameter of intermedius nerve is （0.47±0. 91）mm（left） and （0.37±0. 07）mm（right）. Length of vagal nerve is（10. 44±2. 57）mm（left）,（0.91±2.91）mm （right） ,rootlets of f vagal nervet is 6. 37 ± 2. 26 （left） and 6. 33 ± 2. 38 （right）. external diameter of accessory nerve is （0.76±0.16）ram（left） and （0.81±0.19）ram（right）. Conclusion：This study provide anatomical data for retrosigmoid approach in the cerebellopontine angle region.