论菲利普·罗斯小说的伦理道德指向

The Orientation of Ethics and Morals in Philip Roth’s Novels

菲利普·罗斯是当代具有代表性的美国犹太作家之一,他的小说充满着对传统犹太文化的继承与悖离,刻画了性爱主题下的伦理拷问、反叛意识里的道德冲突和生存处境下的命运反思,其中包含了犹太社会中家庭伦理道德、宗教伦理道德乃至公共伦理道德的嬗变,体现了深刻的伦理道德指向。罗斯的小说创作突破了种族和时代的局限,他在演绎犹太民族文化在异质文化中的发展与嬗变,在刻画犹太人在他者的国度里流浪、飘泊、受难、困惑以及难以实现自我解放的困境的同时,也在诠释整个人类的生存处境。罗斯在小说中刻画的不只是具有民族特性的犹太人,而是具有人类共同特性的普通人。

As one of the representatives of contemporary Jewish American writers, Philip Roth absorbed Jewish culture dia- lectically and described carefully different ethical and moral conflicts with themes as sexuality, rebellion and death. Roth＇ s novels displayed the development and improvement of Jewish culture in American society, depicted the bewilderment, wan- dering and loneliness of Jewish people in another nation, and at the same time, gave an interpretation to living condition of human being. With the moral concern for people around the world, Philip Roth not only portrayed the Jewish people with special ethnic identity, but portrayed the ordinary people of contemporary society as well.