基于认知负荷理论的知识工作设计

Knowledge Work Design:Based on Cognitive Load Theory

个体的认知负荷水平是知识工作设计的重要决定因素之一。基于认知负荷理论的工作设计的基本思想是通过重构工作任务中认知元素的方法来调整内在认知负荷、通过消除工作过程中可能受到的外部干扰来减少无关认知负荷、通过强化个体专注力来增加相关认知负荷。基于这种新视角为知识员工的工作设计提出了多种设计方法。在具体实践中,企业必须综合运用多种设计方式,以使知识员工的生产效率达到最佳。

Cognitive load level is an important factor which influences knowledge work design. The basic ideas of cognitive load theory approach of knowledge work design are to adjust intrinsic cognitive load by restructuring work cognitive elements, reduce extraneous cognitive load by eliminating external interruptions, and increase germane cognitive load by improving knowledge workers＂ intrinsic motivation. This paper develops some work design methods based on this new perspective. In practice, enterprises should integrate these methods, in order to maximizing knowledge workers＂ productivity