基于变结构元与参数映射的石英摆片参数测量

Measurement of the vibration of a quartz pendulous reed based on multiple structuring elements and parameter mapping

为了满足诸如民用领域和国防技术领域中对挠性器件石英摆片参数高精度测量的要求,提出一种利用视觉图像对石英摆片参数进行高精度测量的非接触方法.该方法通过视觉测量系统对石英摆片图像进行摄取,利用变结构元广义形态学边缘检测算法进行初始边缘定位,充分提取图像边缘细节信息的同时抑制图像噪声的影响.在亚像素图像处理中,提出了对圆形曲线进行亚像素边缘定位的边缘检测算法,建立了曲线边缘点与边缘参数之间的映射关系.利用检测出的曲线边缘点数据,通过定义一个新的误差函数并最小化,可以计算出石英摆片参数.实验结果表明,该方法稳定性好且实时性强,定位不确定度优于0.03像素,可实现石英摆片参数的精密测量.

There are stringent requirements for highly accurate measurement of the parameters of quartz pendulous reeds （QRP） in civilian fields and national defense technology. In order to meet them, a novel non-contact measuring method that uses visual images for acquiring QPR circularity parameters was proposed. The method can carry out automated optical measurements. The QRP images are obtained by a vision system, then the circular edges of the QPR are fully extracted using multiple structuring elements-based generalized morphological edge detection, diminishing the influence of noise in the images. In subpixel image processing, an algorithm for edge detection was proposed to locate the subpixel edges of the circular curve, and the circular edge location was identified by setting the mapping between the edge point and the parameters of the circle where the edge point lies in the image. Then, the estimation of the parameters for QPR based on a set of edge-point data was addressed by defining an error function and minimizing it. To achieve the desired degree of accuracy, a new error function was introduced. Experimental results showed that the algorithm is very accurate and stable, and the measuring accuracy is better than 0, 03 pixels. The proposed method is very effective in detecting QRP parameters for real-time online measurements.