潮州气候变化特征及其对农业生产的影响和对策

Climatic Change in Chaozhou and Its Effects on Agricultural Production and Countermeasures

用广东省潮州市1957～2006年的气象资料，分析了气候变化的特征和规律。近20年来潮州气温上升明显，夏季高温天气明显增加，冬季低温霜冻、春季低温阴雨、秋季低温冷害天气发生几率明显减小，但仍然有发生的可能；降水季节性变化明显：近10年春季降水明显偏少，夏季降水明显偏多，暴雨等极端气候事件的发生几率有所增加。分析了气候变化对潮州农作物生长发育、产量形成等的影响，提出了调整种植季节、种植布局等农业气象建议、措施，为潮州农业生产顺应气候变化提供依据。

According to the 50-year meteorological data of Chaozhou, the characteristics and regularities of climate change are analyzed. It is found in the past 20 years： the temperature rose gradually; high temperature days in summer increased significantly; low temperature and frost days in winter, low temperature and rainy weather in spring, and chilling damage in autumn in risk of significant harm reduced; seasonal precipitation changes were more evident： in the last decade, spring rainfall decreased and summer rainfall increased obviously; the occurrence probabilities of heavy rainfall and other extreme weather events increased. The influences of climate change on the growth, development and yields of crops in Chaozhou are analyzed, and the agro-meteorological suggestions and countermeasures, such as the adjustment of planting season and planting layout, are proposed, to provide references for agricultural production of Chaozhou to adapt to climate change.