地基GPS和微波辐射计倾斜路径水汽对比观测试验方案设计

Campaign Design for Comparative Observation Experiment of Slant-Path Water Vapor between Ground-Based GPS and Microwave Radiometer

为开展地基GPS接收机和微波辐射计斜路径水汽总量的对比观测试验,设计实现一套控制微波辐射计全自动追踪可视范围内某颗GPS卫星,以获取微波辐射计与该GPS卫星之间斜路径水汽总量的外场试验方案。根据观测设备的特点,在软件控制层面上,该试验方案集成GPS接收机和微波辐射计的I/O数据和控制文件,实现各种天气条件下的自动连续观测,获取的观测数据样本具有代表性。该试验方案的实施全程由计算机控制,既可避免可能的人为操作失误,又能节约人员劳务开支。初步的观测结果表明,试验方案能够满足倾斜路径水汽总量对比试验对微波辐射计定位精度的要求。

For the purpose of comparison of Slant-path Water Vapor （SWV） retrieved from a GPS receiver and a microwave radiometer （MR）, a campaign design is completed to control the MR to point to a GPS satellite automatically to measure the SWV along the path between GPS satellite and MR. Without changing the hardware of MR, a designed software is set up to operate MR to focus on a GPS satellite using the temporal and positional parameters produced by a GPS receiver. This design is feasible automatically in all-weather, which ensures the representativeness and objectivity of the observations, and reduces the expenditure for hiring observers. The preliminary results show that MR can trace well the GPS satellites to retrieve SWV with a satisfactory accuracy by using this campaign design.