采用理想点方法检验生活取向测验及其修订版的单维性

Test Undimensionality of the Life Orientation Test and Its Revision Using Ideal Point Methods

该文从项目反应过程出发,认为可能是由于原有的维度分析方法将生活取向测验(LOT)及其修订版(LOT-R)这两个测验的项目反应理想点过程错误地限定为优势过程,导致两个测验违背单维性的结论;进而采用主成分分析的未旋转成分负荷散点图和对应分析的维度分数散点图,并结合项目相关矩阵法验证LOT和LOT-R的维度。结果显示LOT-R的单维性得到了验证,LOT由于包含两个测量应对的项目而导致违背单维性。最后作者提出应该与理想点过程相一致的心理计量学模型对LOT-R的数据进行分析。

Dispositional optimism was widely studied in the personality and health psychology,but the dimensionality of the Life Orientation Test （LOT） and its revision （LOT- R） measuring this construction was debated by researchers. Dispositional optimism was originally assumed to be a unidimentional construet,however,empirieal evidence of two distinct dimensions,optimism and pessimism,has been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensionality of LOT and LOT-R using ideal point methods, including scatter-plot examination of principal component and correspondence analysis, and examination of inter- item correlation matrix. Two samples was used in this investigation. Sample one included 1254 students （713 males and 551 females, aversge age 18.91 ± 1.07） from a university. Sample two included 2688 students （ 1287 males and 1401 females,average age 18.65 ± 1.84） from a normal university. Unidimensionality of LOT-R was supposed by the evidence of three methods,but Unidimensionality of LOT- R was not supposed because of two item which measuring coping. Unfolding models should be apply to analyze the responses of LOT and LOT- R.