表面活性剂对铵油炸药粒子微观结构及雷管起爆感度的影响

Effect of Surfactants on Particles Microstructure and Detonator Initiation Sensitivity of ANFO

为提高铵油炸药(ANFO)雷管起爆感度,在ANFO配方中引入6种不同的表面活性剂。采用SEM技术和板痕原理试验法测试了表面活性剂改性ANFO的粒子微观结构及其雷管起爆感度。结果表明,表面活性剂对ANFO粒子微观结构和雷管起爆感度有较大影响。SDBS得到的改性粒子呈层状结构、表面较光滑、孔隙少,8号铜雷管作用下未起爆;专用膨化剂、CTAB、KH560、Tween80和TX-10改性的ANFO样品在粒子表面粗糙度、孔隙等方面具有不同的结构特征,雷管作用下均发生了爆轰。

The ANFO （ammonium nitrate and fuel oil） were modified by six kinds of surfaetants including SDBS （sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate）, special expanded reagent, CTAB （ hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium briomide）, KH560 （ 7-glycidoxypropyl trimethox- ysilane） ,TweenS0 （ polyoxyethylent （80） sorbitan monooleate） and ＇IX-10 （ polyoxyethylene oetylphenol ether）. The SEM technique and the plate trace principle test method were used to study their particles microstrueture and detonator initiation sensitivity. Results show that the effects of the surfaetants are evident on both particles microstrueture and detonator initiation sensitivity of ANFO. The modified ANFO with SDBS can not be initiated under detonator shock wave action, since its particle shows a sandwich shape with smooth particle surface and fewer pores. While other modified ANFO can be initiated due to their coarse particles surface and porosity.