环境丰容对圈养灰鹦鹉日常行为的影响

The Impact of Environmental Enrichment on the Behavior of African Gray Parrots in Captivity

于2008年1、2、6、7月通过改变食物投喂方式、给予玩具、在环境中增加带皮的树干等方式,对两只饲养于成都动物园的灰鹦鹉实施了丰容试验,观察了丰容前、后及丰容期间的行为。结果表明,灰鹦鹉的日常行为有10多种,其中发生最多的行为是休息行为,其次为观望行为以及梳理行为。统计分析表明,灰鹦鹉丰容试验中鸣叫、啃树皮的行为显著高于丰容前、后(P<0.05);丰容期间休息行为显著低于丰容前、后阶段(P<0.01)。环境丰容增加了灰鹦鹉行为活动,同时还减少了咬毛、咬脚趾等不良刻板行为的发生,提高了展出效果。

Environmental enrichment experiments were carried out in January, February, June, and July of 2008 on a pair of African gray parrots housed at the Chengdu Zoo. Feeding times for the parrots were changed, and toys and tree stems were added to their environment. Behaviors before, during, and after enrichment were recorded by instantaneous sampling. Each observation cycle lasted 7 days. Resuhs showed the parrots exhibited 10 different kinds of behaviors daily. The most frequent behavior was rest, followed by looking around a preening. Statistical analysis showed the frequency of tweeting and gnawing on the foliage by the female parrot during environmental enrichment experiments was significantly higher than before and after the experiment and the frequency of rest by the two parrots during the environmental enrichment experiments were significantly lower than before and after the experiment. So environment enrichment increased the behaviors and activities of parrot and the frequency of some stereotypic behaviors was also decreased. Therefore, the viewing effect was improved.