近红外光谱技术在牛奶及其制品品质检测中的应用

Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Quality Detection of Milk and Its Products

牛奶及其制品作为一类营养全面的理想食品,已成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。但与此同时人们也越来越关注乳制品的质量和品质,实时、快速、准确地检测牛奶及其制品成分和其他物质含量是提高乳制品质量,进行牛奶及其制品质量控制的首要条件。近红外光谱技术作为一种新型的分析检测技术,由于其快速、准确、无损的特点在乳及其制品产品检测和生产监控中有着巨大的应用潜力和前景。文章介绍了近红外光谱技术的原理、优点以及在牛奶及其制品营养成分含量测定、质量评定、在线检测等方面的研究进展,综合阐述了近红外光谱技术在牛奶及其制品品质检测中的应用现状,并对其前景进行了展望。证明近红外光谱技术可以有效地对乳及其制品的营养成分含量以及掺假物、残留物和防腐剂等进行快速、准确、无损的测定,从而实现对牛奶及其制品质量的检测和评定,以及生产过程的有效控制。随着近红外技术的不断发展,近红外检测技术将更加广泛地应用于牛奶及其制品的品质检测。

Milk and its products as a kind of ideal comprehensive nutritional food, has becoming an indispensable part of people＇s daily life. But at the same time, the quality of dairy products has been also increasingly concerned by consumers. Real-time, rapid and accurate detection of milk and its products in terms of component, adulterants, residues and preservatives is the primary condition for improving the dairy products quality and controlling the production process. Quality predication of milk and its products was often completed by laboratory analysis in the past, which was complicated and time-consuming and could not satisfy the needs for evaluating the milk products quality and monitoring the production proceeding effectively. How to predict the quality of milk and its products quickly and accurately is a practical problem that needs to be resolved. Near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS） is a rapid, convenient, highly efficient, non-destructive and low-cost analytical technique, which has been widely used in various fields for quantitative and qualitative analysis. As a new analysis technique, NIRS has great potential of application to milk and its products detection, owning to its quick, concise and non--destructive characteristics. The main nutrient components were the major index of milk and its products quality evaluation. Determining the main nutrient components of milk and its products rapidly can provide sound basis for evaluating the products quality. At the same time, adulterants, residues and preservatives were also distinct fingerprint characteristics in the NIR spectra just like the main nutrient components. So this new approaches could also be used in quality distinguishing and on-line detection of milk and its products. Many researches have also concluded that NIRS technology has good stability and high prediction ability on dairy products analysis, exhibites well correlation with the result by labor analysis method. In the present paper, the principles and advantages of NIRS were described. The research advancement of NIRS utilization for milk products nutrient component determination, quality estimation and on-line detection and the application prospect were comprehensively reviewed. With the development of spectral technique, the prediction model gained through NIRS will be more and more reliable and practicable, and the NIRS technique will be more widely used in milk and its products determination, quality estimation and on-line detection.