一株光合细菌的分离鉴定及其处理污水能力的研究

Isolation and Identification of One Strain Photosynthetic Bacteria and Investigation of Its Ability of Treating Sewage

[目的]为光合细菌的大规模培养提供技术资料。[方法]从池塘底泥中分离出多株光合细菌,通过分离鉴定,对其中1株生长迅速、各方面性状良好的紫色非硫细菌psb-4进行大规模培养和降解污水试验,并研究pH值及Cu^2＋、Pb^2＋对该菌株净化水质的影响。[结果]psb-4为革兰氏阴性菌,可在光照、厌氧、微好氧条件下生长,适合大规模培养;当温度适宜时,psb-4具有良好的培养特性,培养液中细菌最高浓度超过1.0×10^10个/ml,同时,光照是psb-4生长的重要影响因子;pH值为6-9时,psb-4均具有一定的降解污水中氮、磷的能力,其中pH值为8时,该菌株对氮、磷的降解效果最好;psb-4对Cu^2＋、Pb^2＋具有一定的耐受性,可在重金属污染不严重的污水中应用。[结论]psb-4可在一定pH值和重金属离子浓度范围内降解污水中的氮、磷。

[Objective] The aim was to provide the technical data for the cultivation of photosynthetic bacteria in large scale.[Method] Many strains of photosynthetic bacteria were isolated from pond sediment.After identification,one non-sulfur purple bacteria strain psb-4 with high growth rate and good characteristics was cultivated in large scale and the wastewater degradation experiment with psb-4 was conducted,and the effects of pH value,Cu^2＋,Pb^2＋ on purification ability of psb-4 on water quality were studied.[Result] psb-4 was one strani gram-negative bacteria.It could grow under the light,anaerobic and micro-aerobic conditions and was suitable for cultivation in large scale.When the temperature was optimal,psb-4 had a good cultural characteristic.The biggest concn.of psb-4 in solution was more than 1.0×10^10 /ml.Light was an important influencing factor on the growth of psb-4.When the pH value was 6-9,psb-4 had the ability of degrading P,N in wastewater,and when pH value was 8,the degradation effects of psb-4 on N,P were the best.psb-4 had resistance to Cu^2＋,Pb^2＋ and could be applied in sewage which was not seriously polluted by heavy metal.[Conclusion] psb-4 could degraded N,P in wastewater in a certain range of pH value and heavy metal concn.