枸杞木虱生物药剂的筛选与天敌敏感性研究

The Experiments on Biological Insectisides Screening for Major Insects of the Lycium chinensis and the Sensitivity of Natural Enemies in Laboratory

[目的]筛选对枸杞木虱高效且对天敌低毒的生物药剂。[方法]在室内进行多种生物药剂对枸杞木虱的药效试验,并进行天敌敏感性试验,筛选对枸杞木虱高效且对天敌低毒的生物药剂。[结果]生物药剂中印楝素毒力最大,LD50为0.16 mg/L,其次为黎芦碱、苦参碱、绿僵菌、烟碱、鱼藤酮、Bt;烟碱毒力较差。天敌敏感性试验结果表明,生物药剂中,多异瓢虫对印楝素的敏感性最大,浓度为3.00mg/L时,多异瓢虫死亡率达88.92%,其次为苦参碱和黎芦碱;多异瓢虫对烟碱和鱼藤酮较不敏感。[结论]印楝素、黎芦碱、苦参碱、绿僵菌等生物药剂对枸杞木虱有良好的毒杀效果,但印楝素对天敌的杀伤作用较大,生产实践中应合理选用。

[Objective] The biological insecticide with high efficiency on major insects of the Lycium chinensis and low toxicity to natural enemy was selected.[Method] The experiment in the effect of biological insecticides on Paratrioza sinica Yang ＆ Li and the sensitivity to natural enemy was conducted in laboratory.[Result] The results showed that the toxicity of azadirachtin in the biological insecticide was the highest（LD50 of 0.16mg/L）;then,followed by veratryl alkali,matrine,metarhizium anisopliae,nicotine,rotenone and Bt;and nicotine,with less toxicity.The results sensitivity-testing of the natural enemy to biological agents showed that the sensitivity of ladybug to azadirachtin was largest and in the concentration of 3.00 mg/L and the many（88.92%） of ladybug were dead;then,oxymatrine and alkali veratryl;and less sensitivity to nicotine and rotenone.[Conclusion] The biological agents such as azadirachtin,veratryl alkali,matrine and metarhizium anisopliae had a good poisoning effect on Lycium chinensis,but the azadirachtin had a larger effect on natural enemy-killing,and thus,the reasonable choice of its application in practice should be paid attention to.