饮食习惯、体育锻炼及其交互作用对糖尿病发病的影响

目的探讨饮食习惯、体育锻炼以及两者的交互作用与糖尿病发病的相关性,为糖尿病预防和干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用1∶1配对病例对照设计,应用自行设计的问卷调查柳州市298对病例和对照的可能的糖尿病发病相关因素,并进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,嗜甜食(OR=1.666,P=0.000)、嗜高脂食品(OR=1.429,P=0.007)以及缺乏体育锻炼(OR=1.212,P=0.030)是糖尿病发病的独立危险因素;嗜甜食(P=0.792)及嗜咸食(P=0.193)与体育锻炼无显著的相乘模型交互作用。结论少食甜食、咸食以及经常参加体育锻炼有助于预防糖尿病。

Objective To explore the influention of diet habits, physical exercise on diabetes mellitus and to provide a scientific evidence for developing appropriate preventive and intervention measures. Methods A 1 ： 1 matched case-control study was conducted. Informations on related risk factors of diabetes mellitus in 298 pairs of subjects were collected using a questionnaire designed by ourselves. Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic analyses were conducted at the end. Results The result in multivariate conditional logistic analyses showed that high sucrose diet （OR=1.666, P=0.000）, high fat diet （OR=1.429, P=0.007） and deficiency of physical exercise （OR=1.212, P=0.030） were risk factors of diabetes mellitus. There was not interaction of multiplicative model between high sucrose diet or high fat diet and physical exercise. Conclusion It is important to do physical exercise and advocate high sucrose and fat diet for preventing and controlling diabetes mellitus.