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国际贸易与中国农村人力资源开发

International trade and China countryside human resources development
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摘要 过去20~30年间,中国沿着"东亚奇迹"的轨迹再次成为全球经济的重要角色。中国经济融入世界经济同时人力资本迅速积累,国际贸易通过提高收入以及促进城市化过程带给农村人口更好的接受教育机会。然而,教育财政投入偏低以及投入结构上的不合理使得农村人口接受教育的成本相对其收入仍然偏高;教育投入在地方和中央政府之间的分担现状又加剧了地区间农村人口教育的不平衡;户口制度以及各省份间教育考试制度的割裂增加了城市务工人员子女接受高质量教育的成本。简单的政策建议包括两个方面:第一,从政策方面完善教育经费和收入来源结构,加大中央财政对于农村尤其是落后地区农村义务教育的支持,保证义务教育在全国范围落实;第二,城市中教育减低乃至减少户籍歧视,同时通过政府补助增加务工人员参加培训教育的机会。 China has been on its way to "East Asian Miracle" even since it opened its door to the world economy and raised its human capital through favorable education policy thirty years ago.Trade stimulates education opportunities of rural-area-population through income effect and urbanization.Improved dra-matically though,education status to China's rural-area-population is not satisfying yet.The current financial arrangement on education expending keeps the education cost substantially high to rural-area-popu-lation,and hence retards the catch-up process of ru-ral-area-population.We give two pieces of policy sug-gestion based on the analysis above.The first one would be to increase central government's financial in-put on compulsory education in rural area,especial those in the west.The second one is to eliminate the discrimination of schooling based on students' geo-graphical residence in cities.
作者 赵达
出处 《特区经济》 北大核心 2009年第4期172-173,共2页 Special Zone Economy
关键词 国际贸易 教育回报 农村人口教育 收入弹性 International Trade Return of Education
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参考文献5

  • 1Daron Acemoglu."Patterns of Skill Premia" Work ing Paper, August,2002.
  • 2R. Feenstra, "Integration of Trade and Disintegration of Production in the Global Economy, Journal of Economic Perspectives,"Volume 12, Number 4, Fall 1998, 31-50.
  • 3海闻,赵达.国际生产与贸易格局的新变化[J].国际经济评论,2007(1):12-14. 被引量:18
  • 4《海关统计年鉴》
  • 5"Economic Returns to Schooling in Urban China, 1988 to 2001" Journal of Comparative Economics 3, 4: 730-752.

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