论出借合同专用章之民事责任

On lending contract seal's civil liability

借用合同专用章对外签订合同所产生的民事责任,应根据合同相对人的主观状态来确定。若合同相对人在缔约时为善意且无过失,其可选择适用表见代理,主张合同有效,由合同专用章的出借人对其承担合同责任;或选择适用无权代理,由合同专用章的出借人和借用人对其连带承担缔约过失责任,赔偿其信赖利益的损失。若合同相对人在订立合同时明知借用公章的事实,则其行为属通谋的虚伪意思表示,应以隐藏的法律行为来约束合同双方,合同专用章的借用人和合同相对人受合同效力的拘束,出借方不承担民事责任。

The civil liability of lending special con tract seal,should be ascertained according to the relative party＇s subjective state of mind.If the relative party was in good faith and innocent when contracting,he may claim the contract to be valid under apparent a-gency and the lender is liable,or choose unauthorized agency and the lender and borrower are related liable for the damages to his reliance interest.If he was aware of the fact of lending,the collusive false expression of intent will leads to cryptic legal action,he and the borrower will be constrained by the contract,while the lender is not liable.