权力产生于“共存”需要——兼与伍代春等商榷

Power out of the Need of "Co-existence"——Also a Discussion with Wu Daichun et al

政治权力起源是近年来一个有争议的话题,伍代春先生与陈昌文先生合作的《论权力产生于差异》一文,将权力产生的原因从物的因素推进到人的因素,在深刻性上比"占有"论前进了一步,但此种观点犯了原子主义的错误,难以阐明权力产生的动力机制。通过结构主义分析,可以得出政治权力产生于人类群体现实性的"共存"的需要。权力是群体共同体的一种结构性属性,任何个体(或个体差异)都只能是这一结构的更为初始的构件之一,"个体差异"只能处于一种被动地位,个体精英与其能力是共同体根据现实需要而选择是否托付职位的依据。个体差异或精英因素,可以扩大权力,但不能产生权力,群体需要的召唤才是政治权力产生的结构性根源。

The origin of political power has been a controversial topic in recent years. The article, Power out of Difference, co-authored by Mr. Wu Dai-chun and Mr. Chen Chang-wen, maintains that the mot cause of power lies in man instead of in material, which can be regarded as a step forward over ＂possession＂ theory, but fails in the error of atomism and can hardly explain the dynamical mechanism of the origin of power. By constructivist analysis, it can be concluded that political power is out of the need of a human community for co-existence in reality. Power is a structural property of a community, in which any individual （or individual difference） can only be an initial structural part on a passive position. The individual elite and his capacity am the grounds on which the community chooses whether to empower. Individual difference or the factor of elite may expand power but can＇ t generate it. Only the outcry for need by a community is the structural origin of political power.