便携高精度大气折射率测试仪的设计

Design of Handy & High Accuracy Atmospheric Refractometer

准确测量蒸发波导的关键是对大气折射率的精确测量。根据空腔谐振器的谐振频率随充入气体介质不同而变化的原理,设计了一种由谐振腔传感器、高精度标准频率振荡器、混频器、数据处理等单元组成的便携高精度大气折射率测试仪。在开放性大气环境下,通过检测谐振传感器的谐振频率变化,得到流过谐振器气体的折射率。实验证明:该仪器的误差小于常规气象仪器测量误差,并且具有测量速度快、精度高、便于携带等优点。该设备已成功应用于大气折射率精细结构的实际测量,从而为利用蒸发波导实现舰船雷达、通信系统的超视距传播奠定了基础。

The accurate measurement of atmospheric refractivity is the key of detecting evaporation ducts. Based on the theory of the cavity＇s resonant frequency can be changed with the variety of the atmosphere in it, a kind of portable and high accuracy atmospheric refractometer was designed. The refractometer was made of the resonant cavity sensor, high accurate oscillation, mixer and the data processing cell. The refractive index of the atmosphere which flows the resonant cavity gained by testing the change of the resonant cavity sensor resonant frequency under the open atmosphere environment. The experiment prove that the error of the instrument was less than the error of the weather instrument proved by the experimentation. The portable refractometer has many virtues such as high-speed and high accurate measurement. The refractometer was actually used to obtain the fine structure of atmospheric refractivity successfully. This equipment is the base of using evaporation ducts to realize shipborne radars and communications system over-the-horizon detection（OTH） detection.