2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Analysis of urinary iodine level of children aged 8 - 10 years in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing in 2007

目的了解重庆市抽样地区人群尿碘水平，探讨其影响因素。方法选择重庆市渝东地区的云阳县和渝西地区的璧山县为调查县，采用多级整群随机抽样方法，在两县经济状况为中等的一类乡镇中，各抽取3所乡镇小学，在每所小学选择8～10岁儿童30名作为调查对象，检测其尿碘、家庭食用盐含碘量，采集当地居民饮用水水样。检测含碘量。结果共检测儿童尿样571份，云阳县和璧山县总的尿碘中位数为261．47μg/L，尿碘〈100μg/L和〉300μg／L的比例分别为5．78％（33／571）和37．48％（214／571）；云阳县儿童尿碘中位数（278．64μg／L）高于璧山县（240．6μg／L），二者比较差异有统计学意义（H=7．42，P〈0．01）。检测家庭食用盐556份，碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99．64％（554／556）、94．22％（522／554）、93．88％（522／556）。检测居民饮用水87份，两县水碘均值分别为8．81、2．97μg／L。结论云阳县、璧山县均为缺碘地区，人群尿碘水平达到消除碘缺乏病的标准。但在长期食用现行加碘量食盐的情况下，调查地区儿童尿碘水平有偏高的趋势，可考虑适当调整食盐含碘量。

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8 - 10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% （33/571） and 37.48%（214/571） of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan（H = 7.42, P 〈 0.01）. The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%（554/556）, 94.22% （522/554） and 93.88%（522/556） in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.