运动鞋核心技术的生物力学研究

Biomechanical Research on Sports Shoe's Core Technology

运动鞋科技的每一项进步,都离不开生物力学研究。无论国际一线品牌Nike和Adidas,还是以安踏为代表的国内一线品牌,其核心技术的创新都必须遵循人体运动的生物力学原理。足的结构与力学功能问题、"足—鞋—地"相互作用的力学问题、鞋体材料与结构的运动功效问题以及足的骨结构生物力学建模问题,一直以来都是运动鞋生物力学研究的主题。运动鞋的核心技术主要体现在材料和结构方面,材料决定了性能,结构决定了功能。但运动鞋的鞋底科技则代表着运动鞋的核心科技,国内、外品牌运动鞋的关键技术也多集中体现在鞋底科技上。国际一线品牌运动鞋的核心技术主要是缓震减震、能量回归、足跟控制和模拟裸足。国内一线品牌运动鞋虽然新概念频出,但技术原理雷同,运动鞋的生物力学实验研究和功能测试不足,主因则是运动鞋生物力学研究的专业人才十分匮乏。

Biomechanics research is the most important aspect of technological developments of sports footwear. Some well-known international brands such as Nike and Adidas and domestic brands such as Anta have all developed their core technology based on the human biomechanies theory. The main focuses of sports shoe biomechanics include the foot structure and mechanical function, the interaction of ＂foot- shoe-ground＂ system, the exercise efficacy of the footwear, and biomechanical modeling of foot bone. The materials and the structure of sport shoes, in particular the sole design, determine functions and the performance, which has been the main technological development in the functional sports shoe design of the domestic and overseas products. Major core technologies associated with some well-known international brands have included cushion, energy return, hind-foot control and ＂bare foot＂ simulation. Although well- known domestic brands update their new concept frequently, the principles of these concepts are similar. One major problem for the development of sports shoes is insufficient biomechanical experiments and functional tests, which is mainly caused by lack of qualified biomechanical professionals.