鮰鱼鱼皮胶原的提取新工艺研究

Development of A New Extraction Technique of Collagen from Channel Catfish Skin

研究了醋酸溶液溶胀鮰鱼鱼皮对鱼皮中胶原提取率的影响,发现先用0.5mol/L醋酸溶胀鱼皮6h,再经组织捣碎机打浆后用稀醋酸溶解,最后用碱液中和沉淀得到粗胶原,胶原提取率可以达到92%,提取工艺简单,提取率高,耗时短。采用五种蛋白酶对提取的粗胶原进行水解以除去其中的杂蛋白,其中胰蛋白酶效果较好,除杂率为60%以上。研究了水洗法对粗胶原的脱盐效果,所提取胶原的SDS-PAGE显示其α链没有在提取过程中发生降解,胶原的圆二色光谱与X-射线衍射结果表明所提取胶原基本保持了完整的三股螺旋结构,没有发生变性。

Collagen was prepared from channel catfish skin by the steps of swelling in acetic acid, beating with blender, dissolving in diluted acetic acid, and neutralizing with sodium hydroxide solution （the final precipitate is collagen）. In the present study, the conditions for swelling channel catfish skin in acetic acid were explored emphatically. The results showed that when channel catfish skin was swelled in 0.5 mol/L acetic acid for 6 h, the extraction yield of reached maximum, 92%. Subsequently, the obtained collagen was desalted by water-washing method, and then the impurity proteins in it were removed by neutral protease or alkaline protease. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that no cleavage happed on or-chain of collagen during extraction and purification. Data from CD and X-ray showed that this purified collagen remained its structural integrity as triple-helix.