基于道地药材标准的炮制苍术挥发油变化规律研究

Studies on Status and Changes of Naphtha Components of Processed Atractylodes lancea Based on Geoherbs Standardization

目的分析麸炒苍术挥发油成分的变化,阐述将道地药材标准用于苍术炮制品质量分析的可行性。方法在过去对道地药材苍术(产地江苏茅山)已有研究的基础上,取10株非道地产区苍术(产地湖北英山)根茎分单株进行炮制,采用GC-MS分离鉴定挥发油中各成分,使用SPSS10.0分析软件,进行t检验和聚类分析。结果t检验分析显示,麸炒后苍术总挥发油含量较生品显著降低(P<0.05),其归一化百分含量大于1%的组分数目明显高于麸炒前(P<0.05)。麸炒前后分离出共有成分18种,其中2种成分麸炒后含量显著低于麸炒前(P<0.05);9种成分麸炒前后无显著性差异(P>0.05);7种成分麸炒后显著高于麸炒前(P<0.05);麸炒后新增加的成分7种。聚类分析结果显示,麸炒前后苍术挥发油成分表现出一定的差异性。结论炮制后苍术总挥发油含量降低,尤其是β-桉叶醇、茅术醇含量低,挥发油组分数目显著增多,较生品更为接近道地药材,用道地药材标准来探讨苍术炮制品质量具有一定可行性。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the changes of naphtha components ofAtractylodes lancea stirred-frying with bran, and to elucidate the feasibility of the application of geoherbs standardization for quality analysis of processed Atractylodes lancea. METHODS On the basis of previous study of geoherbs ofAtractylodes lancea, 10 rhizomes ofAtractylodes lancea from Hubei Yingshan were processed, and naphtha components were determined by GC-MS. t-test and Custer Analysis were carried out by SPSS10.0. RESULTS t-test analysis indicated that the general oil of processed Atractylodes lancea was lower than that of non-processed Atractylodes lancea （P〈0.05）, but components yielding more than 1% （1% of the total oil） were more than that of non-processed samples （P〈0.05）. 18 Components isolated and determined from the oil of processed and non-processed Atractylodes lancea. The contents of 2 components were decreased （P〈0.05） after being processed, 9 components remained unchanged （P〉0.05）, and the other seven components increased （P〈0.05）. 7 components increased after being processed. The changes of naphtha components of processed and non-processed Atrac（ylodes lancea were determined by a cluster analysis. CONCLUSION The content of total oil decreased after being processed, especially the contents offl-eudesmol and hinesol, but the number of the components increased, which indicated that processed Atractylodes lancea was closer to geoherbs than the non-processed ones. Consequently, it is feasible to evaluate the quality of processed Atractylodes lancea by geoherbs standardization.