碳酸盐型盐湖卤水的模拟太阳池结晶试验

Simulation Experiments on Solar Pond Crystallization of Carbonate-type Saline Lake Brine

在碳酸盐型盐湖提锂工艺中,太阳池是一个重要组成部分,目的是储存太阳能能量以结晶析出碳酸锂。文章利用加热方法首次在实验室条件下进行模拟太阳池结晶试验,试验的蒸发量随着温度的升高而加大,但蒸发量的不同对析盐结晶影响不大。在不同时间段模拟试验中,24h时间段的Mg2+析盐浓度较Li+大,且随着时间的延长逐渐降低,而Li+则相反;Mg2+析出速率随着时间的增加而逐渐降低,而Li+析出速率基本保持一致。在不同温度模拟试验中,卤水主要组分总析出率与温度的升高呈正相关,卤水中CO32-和Li+的浓度降低速度大于其他组分,CO32-和Li+的析出率远大于其他组分,析出主要矿物鉴定结果均为扎布耶石。

The solar pond plays an important role in the process of lithium extraction from the carbonate saline lake in that it can store solar energy to extract lithium carbonate. The authors used the heating method for the first time to perform simulation experiments on solar pond crystallization in laboratory. In the experiments, the evaporation quantity of brine increased with increasing temperatures, but the difference in evaporation quantity had little effect on salt precipitation. In different time intervals, the concentration of Mg^2＋ in precipitated salt was higher than that of Li^＋ in 24 hours and gradually decreased with time, whereas the concentration of Li^＋ increased. Moreover, the precipitation rate of Mg^2＋ gradually decreased with time while the precipitation rate of Li^＋ on the whole remained constant. In simulation experiments at different temperatures, the total precipitation rates of the main components of the brine had a positive correlation with temperatures. The concentration lowering rates of CO3^2- and Li^＋ were higher than those of other components, and the precipitation rates of CO3^2- and Li^＋ were by far higher than those of other components. The main mineral identified by microscopic observation at different temperatures was zabuyelite.