自身免疫性肝病免疫学发病机制研究进展

Advances in Studies on Immunopathogenesis of Autoimmune Liver Disease

近年自身免疫性肝病（AILD）免疫学发病机制的研究取得了一定的突破，特别是对自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）和原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）发病机制的研究较为深入。自身抗原的发现是开发高效、特异的AILD诊断方法的基础，亦为探索抗原特异性免疫治疗方法如口服耐受、T细胞疫苗等提供了可能。对肝内免疫调节异常．特别是调节性T细胞与Th17细胞平衡失调进行调控，可恢复AILD患者的免疫自稳状态，缓解炎症反应。

Recently, there are many breakthroughs in the study of immunopathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease （AILD）, especially autoimmune hepatitis （AIH） and primary biliary cirrhosis （PBC）. Identification of autoantigens in AILD will provide opportunities to develop not only high performance and specific diagnostic methods, but also antigen-specific immunotherapy such as oral tolerance and T cell vaccination. Normalizing the abnormalities of immunoregulation in the liver, especially the imbalance of regulatory T cells and Thl7 cells, may improve the immune homeostasis and attenuate the inflammatory reaction in patients with AILD.