抑郁症与精神分裂症患者的脑电生理反应时间比较研究

Experimental study of reaction time on patients with depression or schizophrenia

目的了解抑郁症及精神分裂症患者反应时间的特点。方法应用国产脑电生理仪以及短音和视觉刺激,测查31例抑郁症、33例精神分裂症和30名正常对照组的反应时间。结果精神分裂症组和抑郁症组及正常对照组在听反应时间和视反应时间两两比较上均有显著性差异:正常对照组听反应时间(231±30)ms,精神分裂症患者(279±34)ms,抑郁症患者(264±33)ms,(F=17.81,P<0.01);正常对照组视反应时间(246±30)ms,精神分裂症患者(394±47)ms,抑郁症患者(289±41)ms,(F=49.04,P<0.01))。上述三组第二轮听、视反应时间与警告信号后负电位(PINV)变化表现为同一趋势,即听、视反应时间延迟,PINV随之延长。结论反应时间可辅助抑郁症和精神分裂症患者的认知功能评定。

Objective： In order to investigate the characteristics of reaction time （RT） of schizophrenics and depression, this study was made. Methods： RT test was carried out in 31 depression, 33 schizophrenics and 30 normal controls, using a American Nicolet Instrument. Both auditory and visual elicited RT were tested. Results：A significant difference of both auditory RT and visual RT was found among 3 subject groups. Compared with the normal controls （ A - RT 231 ± 30ms, V - RT 246± 30ms） , both patient groups showed prolonged auditory RT and visual RT （ P 〈 0.01 ）. And schizophrenia group （ A - RT 279 ± 34ms, V - RT 394±47ms） presented longer RT than depression group （A - RT 264± 33ms, V - RT 289 ± 41ms ）. RT presentation of 2 patient groups was similar to that of postimperative negative variation （PINV） . Conclusion： RT test is useful in assessing the cognitive function of depression and schizophrenics.