86例精神专科医院护士的症状自评量表调查

Survey on mental stress among 86 psychiatric nurses

目的了解精神科护士心理压力状况,分析原因,探索对策。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对86名精神科护士和100名综合科护士进行调查。结果精神科护士中躯体化(1.51±0.59)、人际关系(1.74±0.31)、抑郁(1.59±0.65)因子分高于综合科护士(依次为1.37±0.48、1.65±0.51、1.50±0.59,t值依次为2.04、2.07、2.08,P<0.05);躯体化、恐怖、人际关系等因子分较中国常模评分高。精神科中专学历组护士躯体化、恐怖、人际关系因子分评分较大专组和本科组高,年龄40岁以上组躯体化、焦虑、偏执等因子分评分较19～29岁组和30～39岁组评分高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神科护士心理压力较综合科护士和一般人群大,年龄越大,心理压力越大,高文化程度者心理压力小于文化程度低者,应根据不同的群体采用不同的对策。

Objective： To study the mental stress state among nurses in psychiatric department. Methods： Eighty-six nurses in psychiatric department and 100 nurses in non- psychiatric departments were included and were assessed with the symptoms checklist -90（SCL- 90）. Results ：The SCL- 90 factor scores were higher in the nurses in psychiatric department than those in non - psychiatric department on somatization [ （ 1.51 ± 0.59 ） vs. （ 1.37 ± 0.48 ）, t = 2.04,P 〈 0.05 ] ,interpersonal relationship [ （ 1.74 ± 0.31 ） vs. （ 1.65 ± 0.51 ） ,t = 2.07,P 〈 0.05 ] and depression [ （ 1.59 ± 0. 65 ） vs. （ 1.50 ± 0. 59 ）, t = 2.08, P 〈 0.05 ]. The scores of SCL -90 in nurses in psychiatric group were higher than the norms on somatization, phobia and interpersonal relationship. Among psychiatric nurses , the nurses gradated from the technical school had higher scores on somatization, phobia and interpersonal relationships than those who graduated from junior college or college. The nurses aged above 40 years old had significantly higher scores on somatization, anxiety and paranoid ideation than those aged between 19 -29 years old and those aged between 30 -39 years old（P 〈0.05）. Conclusion：There are more mental stress among nurses in nurses in psychiatric department than that of those among non - psychiatric departments. There are more mental stresses when the age increases and there are less mental stresses in well educated nurses. Different coping strategies should be applied in different samples.