低能Ar^+注入家蚕卵的生物学效应研究

Effects Induced by Low-energy Ar Ion Irradiation in Silkworm,Bombyx mori

家蚕作为鳞翅目昆虫的模式生物，是研究遗传和变异的极好模型。本文以家蚕卵为材料，研究不同能量和剂量的低能Ar^＋注入家蚕卵的生物学效应，结果表明：在真空10min时间内，对家蚕卯的孵化尤明显影响；在25keV和30keV的能量下，2．6～8×2．6×10^15ion／cm^2的剂量作用于家蚕卵，对家蚕卵的孵化影响较为显著；在能量为30keV，剂量为8×2．6×10^15ion／cm^2和9×2．6×10^15ion／cm^2的Ar^＋轰击下，以扫描电镜可观察到蚕卵壳表面有明显的刻蚀痕迹；并且经30keV，9×2．6×10^15ion／cm^2处理的饲养区至5龄期发现了3例突变性状。

With its genome sequenced, Bombyx mori （silkworm） , the type species of Lepidoptera, has been proved to be an excellent experimental system for studying genetics and mutation. In this study, low energy Ar^ ＋ ions with different energies anti fluenees were used to bombard silkworm eggs so as to explore resulting biological effects. Results showed that （i） while exposure of silkworm eggs to vacuum within 10 min had no significant impact on hatching rates, bombardment of silkworm eggs by 25 keV or 30 keV Ar^＋ ions with fluences ranging from 2.6～8×2.6×10^15ion/cm^2 to 8×2.6×10^15ion/cm^2 had significant impact on hatching rates; （ii） bombardment of silkworm eggs by 30 keV Ar^＋ ions with a fluence of 8×2.6×10^15ion/cm^2 or 9×2.6×10^15ion/cm^2 resulted in noticeable etching on egg shell surface which could be observed by scanning electron microscope; and （iii） bombardment of silkworm eggs by 30 keV Ar^＋ ions with a fluence of 9×2.6×10^15ion/cm^2 generated three types of mutant phenotypes which were observed in the 5th instar silk-worms.