美国中小学校长专业发展路径探析

A New Approach Analysis of Principal's Professional Development in Primary and Middle School of America

在教育改革不断深化的背景下,美国中小学和相关专业团体对已建立起来的校长专业发展体系进行了重新探讨,并推出了许多新的举措,包括:革新校长资格证书制度,关注对能力的考察;改进校长职前培训课程,强调培养校长的实践能力;加强校长入职指导,重视实效性和针对性;重视校长在职专业发展机构的建设,成立领导学院;重建中小学校长评价体系,将绩效考核评价与引导发展并重等。这些革新举措反映了社会与教育发展对中小学校长提出的新要求,为中小学校长专业发展提供了新的路径。

With the background of continuous educational reform, primary and middle schools and relevant professional communities in America reconsider the existing professional development of principals and take initiative to explore from various aspects, which mainly show as follows： reforming principals＇ qualification certificates system and pay attention to the ability; improving pre-training curriculum for principals and emphasize their practical ability; strengthening inductive guidance and pay attention to actual effect and pertinence; emphasizing the construction of institution of in-service professional development and establish leadership institute; paying attention to principal evaluation from effects assessing and development guidance. This new reforming measures reflect the new demand of principal from the society and education. Thus, the new approach of professional development of principals in primary and middle schools is greatly broadened.